Description:
Tranexamic Acid is a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine, widely used in both medical and cosmetic applications. It is known for its ability to reduce pigmentation and improve skin tone by inhibiting melanin production. In medical settings, it is also used to treat excessive bleeding by preventing the breakdown of blood clots.

Application in Dermatology:
Tranexamic Acid is used to treat:

Melasma and hyperpigmentation.
Dark spots and uneven skin tone.
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH).
It is available in various forms, including oral tablets, topical creams, serums, and injectables, depending on the indication.

Mechanism of Action:
In dermatology, Tranexamic Acid inhibits the interaction between melanocytes and keratinocytes, reducing melanin transfer and decreasing pigmentation.

Key Benefits:

Reduces hyperpigmentation and melasma.
Improves overall skin brightness and tone.
Can be combined with other treatments like lasers or microneedling for enhanced results.
Specification:

Topical: Found in creams or serums at 2-5% concentration.
Injectable: Used in mesotherapy for localized pigmentation.
Oral: Typically prescribed at 250-500 mg doses, depending on the condition.